Signs and symptoms of bone cancer

 Bone cancer can start in any bone in the body, yet it most ordinarily influences the pelvis or the long bones in the arms and legs. Bone cancer is uncommon, making up under 1 per cent all things considered. Indeed, noncancerous bone tumours are considerably more typical than cancerous ones.

Bone cancer signs and symptoms

The expression "bone cancer" does exclude cancers that start somewhere else in the body and spread (metastasize) deep down. Rather, those cancers are named for where they started, for example, breast cancer that has metastasized deep down

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A few sorts of bone cancer happen essentially in youngsters, while others influence for the most part grown-ups. Surgical removal is the most widely recognized treatment, yet chemotherapy and radiation therapy likewise might be used. The choice to utilize medical procedure, chemotherapy or radiation therapy depends on the kind of bone cancer being dealt with.

Signs and symptoms of bone cancer include:

• Bone pain
• Swelling and tenderness near the affected area
• Weakened bone, leading to fracture
• Fatigue
• Unintended weight loss
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When to see a doctor

Make an appointment with your doctor if you or your child develops bone pain that:

• Comes and goes
• Becomes worse at night
• Isn't helped by over-the-counter pain relievers

There are several approaches to treating bone cancer.

Cancer and Life

 Cancer can start any place in the body. It starts when cells grow out of control and crowd out normal cells. This makes it hard for the body to work the way it should. Cancer can be treated very well for many people. In fact, more people than ever before lead full lives after cancer treatment.

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Cancer

Cancer basics

Cancer is not just one disease. There are many types of cancer. It’s not just one disease. Cancer can start in the lungs, the breast, the colon, or even in the blood. Cancers are alike in some ways, but they are different in the ways they grow and spread.

The cells in our bodies all have certain jobs to do. Normal cells divide in an orderly way. They die when they are worn out or damaged, and new cells take their place. Cancer is when the cells start to grow out of control. The cancer cells keep on growing and making new cells. They crowd out normal cells. This causes problems in the part of the body where cancer started.

Cancer cells can also spread to other parts of the body. For instance, cancer cells in the lung can travel to the bones and grow there. When cancer cells spread, it’s called metastasis. When lung cancer spreads to the bones, it’s still called lung cancer. To doctors, the cancer cells in the bones look just like the ones from the lung. It’s not called bone cancer unless it started in the bones.

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Some cancers grow and spread fast. Others grow more slowly. They also respond to treatment in different ways. Some types of cancer are best treated with surgery; others respond better to drugs called chemotherapy. Often 2 or more treatments are used to get the best results.

Most cancers form a lump called a tumour or a growth. But not all lumps are cancer. Doctors take out a piece of the lump and look at it to find out if it’s cancer. Lumps that are not cancer are called benign. Lumps that are cancer are called malignant

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Surgery can be used to take out cancer. The doctor might also take out some or all of the body part cancer affects. For breast cancer, part (or all) of the breast might be removed. For prostate cancer, the prostate gland might be taken out. Surgery is not used for all types of cancer. For example, blood cancers like leukaemia are best treated with drugs.

Head and Neck Cancer and Treatments

 Warning signals of Head & Neck cancer:

• A sore or ulcer in the tongue or mouth that does not heal within three weeks
• Persisting bleeding from the gums or mouth
• Nasal obstruction associated with bleeding from the nostril
• Change in voice and/or difficulty in swallowing beyond three weeks
• A painless lump in the thyroid or elsewhere in the neck
• A wart or mole which increases in size or changes in colour or starts bleeding

If any of these symptoms are present it is important to immediately see a doctor to rule out cancer.

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Common surgeries performed:

• Composite resection for oral cancer
• Total and partial laryngectomy with voice restoration using the latest voice prosthesis
• Surgery of the thyroid including Robotic thyroidectomy
• Minimal access Parathyroid surgery using intra-op PTH estimation
• Parotid and other salivary gland surgery

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• Laser surgery for cancer of the larynx
• Skull base surgery for sinus and other advanced cancers and parapharyngeal tumours
• Reconstructive surgery of the Head & Neck including micro-vascular free flap technique
• Trans-oral robotic surgery (TORS) for tumours of the oro-pharynx
• Vascular tumours of the neck (carotid body tumours etc.)
• Surgery and reconstruction for skin cancers

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Factors that cause oral cancer

Factors that cause oral cancer

1. Tobacco:-

Most oral cancers are linked to tobacco use. All forms of tobacco increase the risk for Oral cancer, including cigarettes, cigars, pipes, bidis and smokeless tobacco.

2. Alcohol:-

Alcohol is one of the main risk factors for oral cancer. The more you drink, the greater your risk. Using alcohol and tobacco together increases the risk of developing oral cancer more than using either one alone.

3. Human Papillomavirus(HPV):-

HPV is a group of more than 100 different types of related viruses. Infection with HPV-16 increases the risk of oral cancer. Infection with HPV-18 may also increase the risk. HPV is likely the cause of oral cancer that is not linked with tobacco or alcohol use.

oral cancer

4. Poor Oral Health:-

People with poor oral health may have several missing teeth, bleeding gums or chronic infections from bacteria and viruses like HPV. They may not go to the dentist very often to take care of their mouths.

5. Inherited Conditions:-

An inherited, or genetic, the condition is passed from parents to their children through genes. People with the following inherited conditions have a higher risk of developing precancerous changes in the mouth and oral cancer. These develop at a much earlier age than oral cancer caused by other risk factors.

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6. Lichen Planus:-

Lichen planus is a chronic condition that forms a rash or sores on the skin and inside the mouth, usually on the tongue, gums, and lining of the cheeks. Having lichen planus with ulcers in the mouth for a long time increases the risk of developing oral cancer.

7. Sun Exposer:-

Sun exposure increases the risk of developing lip cancer. This is especially true for people who work in the sun for long periods of time, such as farmers.

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Cancer Signs

Cancer Signs

     Cancer often has no specific symptoms, so it is important that people limit their risk factors and undergo appropriate cancer screening. Most cancer screening is specific to certain age groups and your primary care doctor will know what screening to perform depending on your age. People with risk factors for cancer (for example, smokers, heavy alcohol use, high sun exposure, genetics) should be acutely aware of potential cancer symptoms and be evaluated by a physician if any develop. The best way to fight cancers is by prevention and early detection.

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Here are the 10 signs of cancer that should not be ignored by the people:

1. Persistent cough or blood-tinged saliva

2. A change in bowel habits

3. Indigestion or trouble swallowing

4. Unexplained weight loss

5. Constant fatigue

6. Unexplained anaemia

7. Lumps in the testicles

8. Blood in the stool

9. Abnormal lump

10. Changes in your restroom habits

Cancer Signs

     If someone is observing these kinds of symptoms then they should consult the doctor and go for a comprehensive cancer screening. If the cancer is detected then doctors will advise going for the medication based on the condition of your cancer.

There are several treatments available to cure cancer such as:

1. Proton Therapy

2. Surgical Treatment

3. Radiation Oncology

4. Medical Oncology

5. Personalized Care

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