Gearless & Geared Elevators

Gearless & Geared Elevators

Traction elevators are one of the most commonly used types of elevators. They use a rope and pulley system to raise and lower the elevator cab. The weight of their cab is balanced by using a counterweight, which was first introduced in 1900. Nowadays, some elevators are using steel belts in place of steel ropes. These steel belts are flat and extremely light because of the high friction coating, and carbon fibre core. Also, these belts do not require oil or lubricant. All these qualities make traction elevators energy efficient and best suited for high-rise applications.

These are three main types of traction elevators:

• Geared Traction Elevators
• Gearless Traction Elevators
• Machine Room-Less Traction Elevators

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elevator motor

Geared Traction Elevators

These traction elevators have a gearbox which is attached to the electric motor and turns the hoisting sheave and moves the rope. Geared traction elevators are driven by either direct current (DC) or alternating current (AC) and their maximum speed is up to 500 ft. per minute. This speed limit is lower than gearless traction elevators but higher than many other types of elevators. Moreover, these elevators are capable of travelling to a maximum distance of 250 ft.Geared traction elevators have fair installation and maintenance costs, and low energy consumption.

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Gearless Traction Elevators

These traction elevators have the wheel directly attached to the electric motor. Gearless traction elevators have a very high travel speed i.e. up to 2000 ft. per minute and can travel a great distance. Their maximum travel distance is almost 2000 ft. and thus they are the best and the only choice for high-rise buildings. These elevators function using a wire cable (hoisting ropes) which is attached to the elevator top and wrapped around the sheave on one end. The other end of the cable is attached with a counterweight that raises and lowers in the hoistway. The weight of the cab and counterweight together press the cable which then turns the sheave and the elevator begins moving. To keep the load on the electric motor minimum, the counterweight is matched with the weight of the elevator cab and half-load of the passengers.

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Benefits of Elevators over Escalators

Benefits of Elevators over Escalators.

The elevators and the escalators are something every day, of frequent use and that give the impression that they have always been there. Both systems fulfil different functions, such as moving people without any problem and with amazing simplicity.

The first thing you should keep in mind about both systems is what they are designed for. Both are responsible for moving people on different floors. However, the stairs perform their function at a lower height and in a more massive way. In addition, they offer less versatility than elevators and their performance is much slower.

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commercial elevators

The elevators, on the other hand, hardly take up space and offer variants to raise different loads. These reasons give it a flexibility that makes it present in high-rise buildings. As a general rule, one of these devices could take you from the ground floor to the tallest of a skyscraper; the same could do with a car.

These days, energy efficiency is an extraordinary need, society is progressively mindful from a natural perspective and organizations act in like manner to help the battle against environmental change. These two frameworks come to accept somewhere in the range of 2 and 10% of the energy consumption of a property.

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In certain circumstances, they should work constantly, particularly on account of escalators. In any case, various arrangements have been proposed to this issue of electricity utilization. On the elevators, we search for designs in which the system possibly devours energy when it is begun or when the lodge possibly illuminates when there is a user inside. Likewise, the blend with the utilization of LED bulbs makes the electricity cost even lower.

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Alongside this, energy recovery technology and movement control by variable frequency are accomplishing decreases of up to 60% in utilization. Subsequently, elevators figure out how to diminish its energy impact hugely.

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Safety Tips For Using Elevators & Escalators.

Safety Tips For Using Elevators & Escalators.

Elevator Safety Tips

We need to follow some safety rules or measures to ensure the safety of elevators and escalators.

When riding on an elevator:

Stand next to the elevator wall.
Hold the handrail if available.
Pay attention to the floor indications.
If the doors do not open when the elevator stops, push the DOOR OPEN button

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commercial escalators

When you enter and leave an elevator:

• Enter and exit carefully. Step up or down if the elevator floor and hall floor are not level.
• Hold children and pets firmly.
• Stand clear of the doors – keep clothes and carry-ons away from the opening.
• Push and hold the DOOR OPEN button if the doors need to be held open, or ask someone to push the button for you.

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Escalator Safety Tips

Before entering escalators:

• No hand trucks or hand carts.
• No freight.
• No wheelchairs, strollers or baby buggies.
• No walkers or wheeled vehicles.
• No loose clothing – clogs, flip flops, soft-soled shoes or scarves.
• Be careful when carrying hanging clothes.
• No running or walking standstill.
• Don’t ride barefoot or with loose shoelaces.
• Parents supervise the conduct and activity of your children.
• Use the emergency button in emergency situations only.

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When riding escalators:

• Stand toward the middle of the step – away from the sides and face forward. Don’t lean against the sides.
• Don’t allow children to sit on steps.
• Do not sit umbrellas on steps.
• Keep a firm grip on the handrail. Reposition your hand slowly if the handrail moves ahead or behind the steps. Escalators may stop for safety precautions.
• Don’t rest your handbag or parcels or any other objects on the handrail or steps or anywhere.
• Keep objects in hands at all times.
• Pay attention. Don’t window-shop while riding.

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Why Escalator instead of Stairs.

Why Escalator instead of Stairs.

     Basically, escalators is a vertical transportation device that helps to move people or goods between floors of buildings. Escalators are typically powered by electric motors that drive traction cables. It helps you to move from one floor to another without climbing stairs.

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The major benefits of using an Escalator over stairs are,

Moving People
The escalator's primary attribute is its ability to move large numbers of people at once from one area to another, People can move both upward as well as downward when a pair of escalators are typically deployed next to each other. That is an advantage over an elevator, which can only go one way at a time with generally a much smaller capacity.

Heavy duty escalators

Comfort
An escalator transports people automatically when switched on, with individuals simply standing still. As such, travelling on an escalator requires little physical exertion. People who experience pain or difficulty when walking are thus able to traverse longer distances with ease and in relative comfort. Escalators offer plenty of space, too, especially when compared to an elevator or narrow staircase where people may be squashed together.

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Efficiency
The purpose of an escalator is to transport people. It performs this task efficiently, allowing individuals to move between potentially many floors of a building in a relatively short amount of time, when compared to a staircase, for instance. Because escalators are generally quite long, they allow a large group of people to get on at once and reduce the need for waiting periods typical of elevators.

Adjustable Speed
As part of its ability to reduce and control congestion, an escalator offers an advantage to building managers in that its speed can be adjusted to reflect how quickly crowds need to move. In a busy situation, for example, an escalator can be made to run slowly, so that passengers don't arrive in the same area as an already substantial crowd. Escalators can also save energy during quiet periods, since they can be turned off, essentially becoming a staircase.

Guidance
Escalators are effective when used as a means of guidance and circulation. In a complex transport situation, such as a city's subway hub, people need to be kept on the go, particularly at busy times, to reduce congestion and avoid excess waiting. Escalators are efficient at keeping people moving from one point to another. When used as part of a museum or similar building, an escalator is able to direct visitors to exhibitions or exits simply by its appearance and the direction in which it's travelling.

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How to use an Escalator.

How to use an Escalator.

     Getting on and off an escalator is basic for a great many people. Be that as it may, a few people are terrified of riding an escalator on account of a past awful encounter, stories they may have heard, warning signs or on the grounds that escalators are huge and make a great deal of noise. With training and alert, anybody can ride an escalator securely and rapidly.

•  Realize when to take the elevator. On the off chance that you are utilizing a stick, a walker, or a wheelchair, it's undependable for you to ride an escalator. Essentially, on the off chance that you have a great deal of moving luggage or have a wheeled carriage, don't utilize an escalator. In the event that your luggage or stroller overbalances, they will fall over and roll. This could harm any kids in the carriage and harm the travellers behind you

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commercial escalator

• Set yourself up to enter the escalator. Remain before the escalator with your sacks and bundles got a handle on immovably in one hand. On the off chance that there are any kids with you, hold them with one hand. It's essential to have a hand allowed to hold the handrail when you enter the escalator.

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• Step cautiously onto the escalator. Remain close to the centre of the steps and extend a foot forward. Go to the centre of the step. Extend your free hand and snatch the handrail as you move. When you step onto the escalator, rapidly step up with your other foot too. Keep a firm hold on the handrail.

• Stand appropriately on the escalator. Continuously face the direction of movement. In the event that you face the incorrect path on an escalator, you have a chance to fall and harming yourself. Keep in mind, remain at the centre of the step with your feet from the sides, particularly in case you're wearing sandals or Crocs. Also, watch out for free garments and ensure it doesn't get stuck.

• Keep a steady grip on the handrail. Hold the handrail firmly with your back straight and arm relaxed. Don’t lean on the handrail or bend over the sides. Using the handrail properly will help improve your balance while you ride and help you catch yourself if you accidentally fall.

These are some of the simple steps that can be followed while using an elevator.

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Elevator Installation

Elevator Installation

An elevator is a stage, either open or enclosed, utilized for lifting individuals or cargo to upper floors inside a building. Elevators are a standard piece of any tall commercial or residential building.

Control systems on early elevators required human operators to regulate the speed of the lift and descent, to stop the elevator at each floor, and to open and close the doors. In the 1950s automatic pushbutton control systems replaced manual controls. In the 1970s electromechanical controls were gradually replaced with solid-state electronic controls.

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residential elevators

Elevators themselves are simple devices, and the basic lifting systems have not changed much in over 50 years. The control systems, however, have changed substantially to improve safety and speed of operation. Elevators are designed for a specific building, taking into account such factors as the height of the building, the number of people travelling to each floor, and the expected periods of high usage.

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Following are the steps for installing an elevator in a building,

The elevator cars are built at the elevator manufacturer's plant using standard metal cutting, welding, and forming techniques. If the cars will be exposed to the weather during building construction, the interior trim may be installed after the building is finished.
The rest of the elevator is assembled on the building site. The building design integrates the elevator shaft from the beginning, and the shaft grows as the building is erected. The walls of the shaft are poured concrete, and the shaft straightness and other dimensions are carefully monitored as each floor goes up

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Guide rails, switch ramps, service ladders, and similar support equipment are bolted into the shaft after the shaft walls are complete, but before the shaft is roofed.
While the shaft is still open at the top, a crane raises the counterweight to the top of the building and lowers it into the shaft along its rails.
The crane then lifts the elevator car and inserts it partly into the shaft. The guide wheels connect the car to the guide rails, and the car is carefully lowered to the bottom of the shaft.
The shaft is then roofed over, leaving a machine room above the shaft. The hoist motor, governor, controller, and other equipment are mounted in this room, with the motor located directly over the elevator car pulley.
The elevator and governor cables are strung and attached, the electrical connections completed, and the controller programmed.

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Difference Between ELEVATORS & ESCALATORS

Difference Between ELEVATORS & ESCALATORS

Escalators :

Escalators are maybe the perfect method to transport countless individuals starting with one level then onto the next in a jam-packed spot, for example, an air terminal or a shopping centre. The steps of an elevator are fixed and connected together and go up yet descend from behind on a transport line that is driven by an engine. These moving staircases are continuously moving, and there is no holding up period as one can walk whenever to ascend or descend. In any event, when there is a breakdown of sorts, these escalators fill the need for stationary stairs accordingly staying useful.

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Commercial Escalators

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Elevators :

elevators, likewise called lifts, were the mainstay when it came to transporting individuals up or down between floors in tall buildings and apartments. Till today, in offices and hotels, elevators fill this need well overall. These are cabins or cages that go up or down at high speeds inside vertical shafts. These lodges or confines go up or down utilizing stabilizers or footing links. In present occasions, with high rise apartments and offices situated in upper floors of tall buildings, it has become imperative to get installed elevators as people cannot be expected to climb so many stairs every time.

commercial elevators

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Elevators are closed cabins inside vertical shafts that are used to transport people between different floors in high rise buildings.
Escalators are moving stairways that allow people to move between floors in busy places such as shopping malls, airports, and railway stations.
Escalators are slow-moving whereas elevators are fast and can move up or down at great speeds.
Escalators are ideal were lots of people have to move between floors at the same time. They are also more visible than elevators that are tucked behind structures.
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